What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you evaluating the efficiency ratings of new heating and cooling systems? Or are you interested in knowing the rating on your existing HVAC equipment. In either case, you can learn the efficiency rating and estimated yearly operating costs by reading the yellow Energy Guide tag along the side of the unit. Here’s more information about the different ratings you might read and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER stands for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a measurement of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating signifies the cooling output of an air conditioning unit over a whole cooling season, divided by the amount of energy utilized throughout that time. A higher SEER rating suggests greater energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

As of 2023, the minimum SEER rating for the latest air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an increase from the old minimum expectation of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This modification reflects the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) ongoing efforts to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

These days, high-end air conditioners tout ratings of 26 SEER or higher, offering fantastic energy savings. But bear in mind, exceptional SEER ratings usually come with a higher initial cost. Which means you should think about both the initial investment and the prospects for continued savings when selecting a new air conditioner.

What Is an EER Rating?

Even though SEER ratings are more known to consumers, AC systems have another efficiency metric you should know about. It’s known as EER, and it means Energy Efficiency Ratio. This rating suggests the performance of an AC unit under distinct operating circumstances. The EER rating allows you to understand whether the system will support the demand on the hottest summer days.

Presently, only the southwest area of the nation has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. The highest ratings top out at about 14 EER. Most of the time SEER and EER almost always correspond, with higher ratings signifying stronger overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps once in heating mode. HSPF is a ratio of the total heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) throughout the heating season to the amount of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating suggests a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, a boost from the prior minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By requiring higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE hopes to encourage the use of more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses across the U.S. You can always settle for the minimum, but it’s a good idea to invest in a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the optimum performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are yet another measure of heating system efficiency, but they only relate to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a percentage of the annual heat output to the energy consumed during that period. The higher the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating unit(s).

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces was revised to 81. Previously, the southern regions had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the northern states required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. Although there are no laws demanding that you install a system with ratings above the minimum, you’ll save on your utility bills by selecting a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the ENERGY STAR program in the early 1990s to help homeowners and businesses identify the most energy-efficient equipment and appliances available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that meet or exceed specific criteria can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products perform well above the minimum expectations to save energy and decrease emissions without sacrificing performance or features. You might also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which recognizes the best performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is actually overhauling the qualification criteria in light of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help determining which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is ideal for your budget, turn to Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can evaluate your HVAC challenges and aid you in making an informed decision. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s top brands, all of which meet or surpass the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so confident you’ll be delighted with our services that we offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee! To learn more or to schedule a no-cost HVAC installation estimate, please contact a Service Experts office near you.